2434 中小市值涨停跟踪止损策略 十年回测 年化103.32% 最大回撤23.89%

中小市值涨停跟踪止损策略

策略特点

1. 中小市值选股：从中小板综指 (399101.XSHE) 中筛选市值 5-50 亿的股票，优先选择小市值股票。
2. 涨停跟踪：对持仓中昨日涨停的股票进行特别关注，观察其今日是否继续涨停，如不涨停则卖出。
3. 多重止损机制：
   • 个股止损：当个股亏损达到 7% 时止损
   • 市场止损：当中小板综指平均跌幅超过 5% 时清仓
   • 盈利止盈：当个股盈利达到 100% 时止盈
4. 特殊时间段空仓：每年 1 月 5 日至 2 月 5 日、4 月 5 日至 4 月 30 日期间空仓，规避市场风险期。
5. 每周调仓：每周二进行持仓调整，保持投资组合更新。

交易规则

1. 选股规则：
   • 从中小板综指成分股中筛选
   • 过滤次新股 (上市不满 1 年)、ST 股、科创北交所股票
   • 选择市值 5-50 亿的股票，按市值从小到大排序
   • 过滤股价高于 80 元的股票 (持仓股除外)
   • 过滤昨日涨停 / 跌停股票 (持仓股除外)
2. 买入规则：
   • 每周二上午 10 点进行调仓
   • 持有 5 只股票，等权重分配资金
   • 优先从市值最小的 50 只股票中选择
3. 卖出规则：
   • 每周调仓时卖出不在目标列表中的股票 (昨日涨停股除外)
   • 每日检查止损条件并执行
   • 对昨日涨停股观察至下午，如不涨停则卖出
   • 特殊时间段 (1-2 月、4 月) 清仓
4. 资金管理：
   • 使用固定滑点 (0.03%)
   • 交易佣金为 0.025%(买卖均收取)
   • 印花税 0.1%(卖出收取)

风险控制

1. 个股层面止损 (7%)
2. 市场层面止损 (指数平均跌幅 5%)
3. 特殊时间段强制空仓
4. 涨停板跟踪止盈
5. 限制单只股票价格 (不超过 80 元)
6. 限制股票市值范围 (5-50 亿)

---

#导入函数库
from jqdata import *
from jqfactor import *
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import random
from datetime import time
#import datetime
#初始化函数 
def initialize(context):
    # 开启防未来函数，设定基线，真实价格，滑点及交易成本
    set_option('avoid_future_data', True)
    set_benchmark('000001.XSHG')
    set_option('use_real_price', True)
    set_slippage(FixedSlippage(3/10000))
    set_order_cost(OrderCost(open_tax=0, close_tax=0.001, open_commission=2.5/10000, 
        close_commission=2.5/10000, close_today_commission=0, min_commission=5),type='stock')
    # 过滤order中低于error级别的日志
    log.set_level('order', 'error')
    log.set_level('system', 'error')
    log.set_level('strategy', 'debug')
    #初始化全局变量 bool
    g.no_trading_today_signal = False  # 是否为可交易日
    g.pass_april = True  # 是否四月空仓
    g.run_stoploss = True  # 是否进行止损
    #全局变量list
    g.hold_list = [] #当前持仓的全部股票    
    g.yesterday_HL_list = [] #记录持仓中昨日涨停的股票
    g.target_list = []  # 准备买入的标的
    g.not_buy_again = []    # 不再买入的标的
    #全局变量float/str
    g.stock_num = 5
    g.m_days = 5 #取值参考天数
    g.up_price = 80  # 设置股票单价
    g.reason_to_sell = ''
    g.stoploss_strategy = 3  # 1为止损线止损，2为市场趋势止损, 3为联合1、2策略
    g.stoploss_limit = 0.07  # 止损线
    g.stoploss_market = 0.05  # 市场趋势止损参数
    g.c = 0     # 止损天数计数器
    # 设置交易运行时间
    run_daily(prepare_stock_list, '8:00')       # 每天开盘前更新全局参数，持仓和昨日涨停
    run_weekly(weekly_adjustment,2,'10:00')     # 每周二上午10点检查并调仓，不会更新卖出原因
    run_daily(sell_stocks, time='10:30')        # 每天检查止损函数，止损会更新卖出原因
    run_daily(sell_stocks, time='14:00')        # 每天检查止损函数，止损会更新卖出原因
    # 涨停可能提前止盈并更新卖出原因，查看剩余金额，结合卖出原因决定是否需要买入，并重置卖出原因
    run_daily(trade_afternoon, time='14:30') 
    run_daily(close_account, '14:30')   # 特殊月份提前清仓
    # run_weekly(print_position_info, 5, time='15:30', reference_security='000300.XSHG')  # 每周5结束后统计持仓盈亏

#1-1 更新全局参数，每天开盘前运行
def prepare_stock_list(context):
    # 更新已持有列表
    g.hold_list= list(context.portfolio.positions.keys())
    # 更新持有股票中昨日涨停的股票
    if g.hold_list != []:
        df = get_price(g.hold_list, end_date=context.previous_date, frequency='daily', 
            fields=['close','high_limit','low_limit'], count=1, panel=False, fill_paused=False)
        df = df[df['close'] == df['high_limit']]
        g.yesterday_HL_list = list(df.code)
    else:
        g.yesterday_HL_list = []
    #判断今天是否为账户资金再平衡的日期，判断是否为特殊日期
    g.no_trading_today_signal = today_is_between(context)

关键函数解锁后查看：

#1-7 每天定点检查止损
def sell_stocks(context):
    if g.run_stoploss == True:
        if g.stoploss_strategy == 1:
            for stock in context.portfolio.positions.keys():
                # 股票盈利大于等于100%则卖出
                if context.portfolio.positions[stock].price >= context.portfolio.positions[stock].avg_cost * 2:
                    order_target_value(stock, 0)
                    log.debug("收益100%止盈,卖出{}".format(stock))
                # 止损
                elif context.portfolio.positions[stock].price < context.portfolio.positions[stock].avg_cost * (1-g.stoploss_limit):
                    order_target_value(stock, 0)
                    log.debug("收益止损,卖出{}".format(stock))
                    g.reason_to_sell = 'stoploss'
        elif g.stoploss_strategy == 2:
            stock_df = get_price(security=get_index_stocks('399101.XSHE'), end_date=context.previous_date, 
                frequency='daily', fields=['close', 'open'], count=1,panel=False)
            #down_ratio = (stock_df['close'] / stock_df['open'] < 1).sum() / len(stock_df)
            down_ratio = abs((stock_df['close'] / stock_df['open'] - 1).mean())
            if down_ratio >= g.stoploss_market:
                g.reason_to_sell = 'stoploss'
                log.debug("大盘惨跌,平均降幅{:.2%}".format(down_ratio))
                for stock in context.portfolio.positions.keys():
                    order_target_value(stock, 0)
        elif g.stoploss_strategy == 3:
            stock_df = get_price(security=get_index_stocks('399101.XSHE'), end_date=context.previous_date, 
                frequency='daily', fields=['close', 'open'], count=1,panel=False)
            down_ratio = abs((stock_df['close'] / stock_df['open'] - 1).mean())
            if down_ratio >= g.stoploss_market:
                g.reason_to_sell = 'stoploss'
                log.debug("基准指数暴跌,平均降幅{:.2%},全部清仓".format(down_ratio))
                for stock in context.portfolio.positions.keys():
                    order_target_value(stock, 0)
            else:
                for stock in context.portfolio.positions.keys():
                    if context.portfolio.positions[stock].price < context.portfolio.positions[stock].avg_cost * (1-g.stoploss_limit):
                        order_target_value(stock, 0)
                        log.debug("达到止损,卖出{}".format(stock))
                        g.reason_to_sell = 'stoploss'

#1-4 昨日涨停股票确定是否止盈，卖出时会记录卖出原因
def check_limit_up(context):
    now_time = context.current_dt   # 当前时间
    if g.yesterday_HL_list != []:
        #对昨日涨停股票观察到尾盘如不涨停则提前卖出，如果涨停即使不在应买入列表仍暂时持有
        for stock in g.yesterday_HL_list:
            current_data = get_price(stock, end_date=now_time, frequency='1m', fields=['close','high_limit'], 
                skip_paused=False, fq='pre', count=1, panel=False, fill_paused=True)
            if current_data.iloc[0,0] < current_data.iloc[0,1]:
                position = context.portfolio.positions[stock]
                if close_position(position):
                    log.info("[%s]涨停打开，卖出" % (stock))
                    g.reason_to_sell = 'limitup'
            else:
                log.info("[%s]涨停，继续持有" % (stock))

#1-5 如果账户还有金额则执行此操作，会重置卖出原因
def check_remain_amount(context):
    if g.reason_to_sell is 'limitup': #判断售出原因，如果是涨停售出则可以再次交易，如果是止损售出则不交易
        g.hold_list= list(context.portfolio.positions.keys())
        if len(g.hold_list) < g.stock_num:
            target_list = g.target_list     # 每周更新的股票池
            target_list = filter_not_buy_again(target_list)     # 是排除本周调仓时已经持仓的股票
            target_list = target_list[:min(g.stock_num, len(target_list))]
            log.info('有余额可用'+str(round((context.portfolio.cash),2))+'元。'+ str(target_list))
            buy_security(context,target_list)
        g.reason_to_sell = ''
    else:
        g.c+=1
        log.info('刚刚止损，隔1天再交易')
        if g.c % 2 ==0:
            g.reason_to_sell = ''

#1-6 下午检查交易
def trade_afternoon(context):
    if g.no_trading_today_signal == False:
        check_limit_up(context)
        check_remain_amount(context)


#2-1 过滤停牌股票
def filter_paused_stock(stock_list):
    current_data = get_current_data()
    return [stock for stock in stock_list if not current_data[stock].paused]

#2-2 过滤ST及其他具有退市标签的股票
def filter_st_stock(stock_list):
    current_data = get_current_data()
    return [stock for stock in stock_list
            if not current_data[stock].is_st
            and 'ST' not in current_data[stock].name
            and '*' not in current_data[stock].name
            and '退' not in current_data[stock].name]

#2-3 过滤科创北交股票，改为仅保留沪深主板股票
def filter_kcbj_stock(stock_list):
    for stock in stock_list[:]:
        if stock[0] == '4' or stock[0] == '8' or stock[:3] == '688' or stock[:3] == '300':
            stock_list.remove(stock)
    return stock_list

#2-4 过滤除持仓外涨停的股票
def filter_limitup_stock(context, stock_list):
    df = get_price(stock_list, end_date=context.previous_date, frequency='daily', 
        fields=['close','high_limit','low_limit'], count=1, panel=False, fill_paused=False)
    df = df[df['close'] == df['high_limit']]
    return [stock for stock in stock_list if stock in g.hold_list or stock not in list(df.code)]
    
    # last_prices = history(1, unit='1d', field='close', security_list=stock_list)    # 获取前一天收盘价
    # current_data = get_current_data()
    # return [stock for stock in stock_list if stock in context.portfolio.positions.keys()
    #         or last_prices[stock][-1] < current_data[stock].high_limit]

#2-5 过滤除了持仓外跌停的股票
def filter_limitdown_stock(context, stock_list):
    df = get_price(stock_list, end_date=context.previous_date, frequency='daily', 
        fields=['close','high_limit','low_limit'], count=1, panel=False, fill_paused=False)
    df = df[df['close'] == df['low_limit']]
    return [stock for stock in stock_list if stock in g.hold_list or stock not in list(df.code)]
    # last_prices = history(1, unit='1m', field='close', security_list=stock_list)
    # current_data = get_current_data()
    # return [stock for stock in stock_list if stock in context.portfolio.positions.keys()
    #         or last_prices[stock][-1] > current_data[stock].low_limit]

#2-6 过滤次新股
def filter_new_stock(context,stock_list):
    yesterday = context.previous_date
    return [stock for stock in stock_list if not yesterday - get_security_info(stock).start_date <  datetime.timedelta(days=375)]

#2-6.5 过滤除持仓外股价过高的
def filter_highprice_stock(context,stock_list):
	last_prices = history(1, unit='1d', field='close', security_list=stock_list)
	return [stock for stock in stock_list if stock in g.hold_list or
		last_prices[stock][-1] <= g.up_price]

#2-7 删除本周一买入的股票
def filter_not_buy_again(stock_list):
    return [stock for stock in stock_list if stock not in g.not_buy_again]
 
#3-1 交易模块-自定义下单
def order_target_value_(security, value):
    if value == 0:
        pass
        #log.debug("Selling out %s" % (security))
    else:
        log.debug("Order %s to value %f" % (security, value))
    return order_target_value(security, value)

#3-2 交易模块-开仓
def open_position(security, value):
    order = order_target_value_(security, value)
    if order != None and order.filled > 0:
        return True
    return False

#3-3 交易模块-平仓，调仓，止盈，特殊月份卖出用这个函数，止损不是这个
def close_position(position):
    security = position.security
    order = order_target_value_(security, 0)  # 可能会因停牌失败
    if order != None:
        if order.status == OrderStatus.held and order.filled == order.amount:
            return True
    return False

#3-4 买入模块
def buy_security(context,target_list):
    #调仓买入
    position_count = len(context.portfolio.positions)   # 持仓股数量
    target_num = len(target_list)                       # 目标股数量
    if target_num > position_count:
        value = context.portfolio.cash / (target_num - position_count)
        for stock in target_list:
            if context.portfolio.positions[stock].total_amount == 0:
            #if stock not in context.portfolio.positions:
                if open_position(stock, value):
                    log.info("买入[%s]（%s元）" % (stock,value))
                    g.not_buy_again.append(stock)       #持仓清单，后续不希望再买入，每周清空
                    if len(context.portfolio.positions) == target_num:
                        break


#4-1 判断今天是否为特殊时间段
def today_is_between(context):
    today = context.current_dt.strftime('%m-%d')
    if g.pass_april is True:
        if (('04-05' <= today) and (today <= '04-30')) or (('01-05' <= today) and (today <= '02-05')):
            return True
        else:
           return False
    else:
        return False


#4-2 特殊月份清仓
def close_account(context):
    if g.no_trading_today_signal == True:
        if len(g.hold_list) != 0:
            for stock in g.hold_list:
                position = context.portfolio.positions[stock]
                if close_position(position):
                    log.info("卖出[%s]" % (stock))

2025-03-28